What is Cancer and aetiolog predisposing factors

What is cancer and aetiology and predisposing factors

There are many known substances or agents that play an important role in cancer formation these agents are called carcinogenesis which may be either viral carcinogens, physical carcinogens, genetic carcinogens and chemical carcinogens

How cancer formed or what is cancer 

The body is the basic unite of the life, so question how normal cells become cancer cells as we know the body contains millions of cells these normal cells undergo the process of growth ,division  in controlled manner to produce more cells as they need to keep the body healthy

How to diagnosis the cancer

How to diagnosis the cancer

Cancer diagnosis can be done by the following methods such as and clinical diagnosis which including the features or pictures of the cancers such as it is symptoms which means what the patient complaining and by it is signs which means what the doctor see or notice in the patient by the general and local examination of the whole body of the patient and
laboratory diagnosis which means the investigations and biopsy done for diagnosis of the cancer
 
what are the symptoms and signs of malignancy

Malignancy or cancer it is a neoplasm or tumor which can be represented by the following criteria
 Local features of the tumours
 Distant clinical features
 Systemic or general clinical features

Tumor markers prognostic and predictive

Tumor markers prognostic and predictive

Definition:Tumour markers are substances that can be detected in higher than normal amounts in the blood or serum urine nipple aspirate fluid or stool tissues of patients with certain types of cancer

How tumor markers produced

Tumors markers are produced either by the cancer cells themselves or by the body as a response to the cancer tumor markers can be present also in some benign diseases

What are the aim of tumour markers
tumour markers are useful in diagnosis ,staging, treatment and detection of recurrence of cancers

Cholangiocarcinoma causes types diagnosis treatment

Cholangiocarcinoma causes types diagnosis treatment

Introduction

Cholangiocarcinoma it is a malignant neoplasm or tumor of the biliary tree so it is also called cancer of the bile ducts which consist of common bile duct ,right and left hepatic ducts ,common hepatic duct and cystic duct these ducts responsible for drainage of the bile from the liver into the gastrointestinal tract 

It is a rare malignant tumour of the biliary channels which arise from the epithelium and it can occur at any site along the biliary tree from common bile duct or its branches which divided into right and left hepatic ducts common site present at the hepatic duct bifurcation

 

According to the site of the tumor cholangiocarcinoma can be divided into either distal site, proximal site or perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma site